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Activities

Activity Definitions, Activity Execution, Timeouts, Standalone Activities, and benign exceptions in the Temporal Python SDK.

Activity basics

Define an Activity with the activity.defn decorator, pass a single dataclass parameter, return serializable data, and set a custom Activity Type.

Activity Execution

Call an Activity from a Python Workflow with workflow.execute_activity, set the required Timeout, and await the Activity result.

Activity Timeouts

Set the Schedule-To-Close, Start-To-Close, and Heartbeat Timeouts on a Python Activity, tune its Retry Policy, and override the next retry delay.

Asynchronous Activity Completion

Asynchronously complete an Activity using the Temporal Python SDK. Follow three steps for Activity completion and use the Temporal Client for Heartbeat and updates.

Benign exceptions

Mark expected or non-severe Activity errors as benign in Python to reduce noise in logs, metrics, and OpenTelemetry traces.

Best practices

This section explains how to implement best practices with the Python SDK

Cancellation

Interrupt a Workflow Execution using the Temporal Python SDK. Choose between canceling for a graceful stop or terminating for a forceful stop.

Child Workflows

Start a Child Workflow Execution and set a Parent Close Policy using the Temporal Python SDK. Ensure proper progress logging and specify Parent Workflow behavior upon closure.

Client

Connect a Temporal Client, start Workflow Executions, and get Workflow results with the Temporal Python SDK.

Continue-As-New

Use Temporal's Continue-As-New in Python to manage large Event Histories by atomically creating new Workflow Executions with the same Workflow Id and fresh parameters.

Data handling

Learn how Temporal handles data through the Data Converter, including payload conversion, encryption, and large payload storage.

Debugging

Debug Workflows in development and production environments using the Temporal Python SDK, Web UI, Temporal CLI, replay, tracing, logging, and performance metrics.

Deep Agents integration

Run LangChain Deep Agents with durable execution using the Temporal Python SDK and Deep Agents plugin.

Error handling

Learn how to handle errors in Temporal Python applications with retry policies, idempotent Activities, and recovery patterns.

External Storage

Offload large payloads to external storage using the claim check pattern in the Python SDK.

Google GenAI integration

Call Google Gemini models durably from Python Workflows using the Temporal Python SDK and the Google GenAI plugin.

Interceptors

Implement Interceptors in the Temporal Python SDK to manage inbound and outbound SDK calls, enhance tracing, and add authorization to your Workflows and Activities.

LangGraph integration

Run LangGraph AI agent workflows with durable execution using the Temporal Python SDK and LangGraph plugin.

Nexus

This section explains how to use Temporal Nexus with the Python SDK

Nexus feature guide

Use Temporal Nexus within the Python SDK to connect Durable Executions within and across Namespaces using a Nexus Endpoint, a Nexus Service contract, and Nexus Operations.

Observability

Discover how to monitor your Temporal Application using metrics, tracing, logging, and visibility APIs. Emit metrics, set up tracing, log from Workflows, and use custom Search Attributes.

OpenRouter integration

Call OpenRouter from Temporal Activities with durable retries, cost tracking, and budgets, using the Temporal Python SDK.

Payload conversion

Customize how Temporal serializes application objects using Payload Converters in the Python SDK, including Pydantic and custom type examples.

Payload encryption

Encrypt data sent to and from the Temporal Service using a custom Payload Codec in the Python SDK.

Platform

This section explains how to implement platform with the Python SDK

Python SDK developer guide

Explore Temporal Python SDK feature guides to master developing Temporal Applications. Build Workflows, Activities, and Workers, connect to Temporal Services, set up a testing suite, handle failure detection, send messages, complete Activities asynchronously, implement Versioning, use Observability, debug applications, schedule Workflows

Run a Worker

Create and run a Temporal Worker using the Python SDK.

Schedules

Schedule, Create, Backfill, Delete, Describe, List, Pause, Trigger, and Update a Scheduled Workflow, along with Temporal Cron Jobs and Start Delay options.

Serverless Workers

Write Temporal Workers that run on serverless compute using the Python SDK.

Strands Agents integration

Run Strands Agents AI workflows with durable execution using the Temporal Python SDK and Strands plugin.

Temporal Client

Connect to a development Temporal Service or Temporal Cloud from Python, set a Task Queue and Workflow Id, and get Workflow Execution results.

Temporal Python SDK sandbox environment

The Temporal Python SDK offers a sandbox environment to run Workflow code, aiming to prevent non-determinism errors in applications by isolating global state and applying restrictions.

Testing

The Temporal Application Testing guide covers Frameworks facilitating Workflow and integration testing, including end-to-end, integration, and unit tests. Use mocked Activities, skip time in tests, and replay Workflow Executions.

Timers

Set a durable Timer in Python with asyncio.sleep(). Timers persist across Worker downtime, and a single Worker can run millions of them.

Versioning

Ensure deterministic Temporal Workflow execution and safely deploy updates using the Python SDK's patching and Worker Versioning APIs, for scalable long-running Workflows.

Workers

This section explains how to implement Workers with the Python SDK

Workflow Streams

Stream events from a Workflow to subscribers using the Temporal Python SDK Workflow Streams contrib module.

Workflow Timeouts

Optimize Workflow Execution with Temporal Python SDK - Set Workflow Timeouts and Retry Policies efficiently.

Workflows

This section explains how to implement Workflows with the Python SDK